In this article:
Electric underfloor heating
Hydronic underfloor heating
Comparing the two systems
Alternative heating: infrared heating
Advantages and disadvantages of underfloor heating
Costs and saving opportunities
Flooring types suitable for underfloor heating
Underfloor heating was once considered a luxurious alternative to conventional radiators. Today, improved systems and installation methods make it a realistic option for many homeowners who want to install underfloor heating. Here is an overview of the main systems, cost factors, and the advantages and disadvantages of each system.
Installing Underfloor Heating: Overview of the Main Options
Underfloor heating is often chosen for the even, comfortable warmth it spreads through a room. The two main options are electric underfloor heating and hydronic, or hot-water, underfloor heating. Before installing either system, it is important to understand the requirements and prepare the room carefully. Underfloor heating works best in well-insulated spaces, including the floor, ceiling, walls, and windows. Compared with conventional radiators, it distributes heat more evenly and can help lower running costs when planned correctly.
Installing electric underfloor heating
The electric underfloor heating model takes up less space than a hot-water system. It is suitable for new construction as well as renovations, but several precautions are necessary in an existing room. First, the old floor covering must be removed completely. Then a suitable insulation layer is placed between the heating coils and the floor finish. The next step is crucial: the right floor covering plays an important role in heat efficiency. Materials that are suitable for underfloor heating are often marked as such on the packaging.
Key features of electric underfloor heating:
+ Easy to install and suitable for renovations or new construction
+ Best with compatible floor coverings; tile and stone retain heat well, while some wood floors are less suitable
+ Useful for bathrooms, kitchens, hallways, glazed balconies, and other smaller areas
– Relatively expensive to run, so it is often better as supplemental heating. A thermostat can help save energy and money.
Hot-water underfloor heating
Hot-water underfloor heating works on a similar principle, but heated water circulates through plastic or copper pipes beneath the floor. The system needs a boiler or another heat source to warm the water before it moves through the circuit. It is usually easier to install in a new building because the pipes require more buildup height and planning than an electric mat system.
Comparing electric and hot-water underfloor heating
The choice between hot-water and electric underfloor heating depends on the room, the building, and how the system will be used, so it should be discussed with qualified professionals in advance. Decide whether the floor will be the only heat source or will work together with other heating systems. If several systems are combined, each should have its own controls.
– Electric underfloor heating takes up less space than hot-water systems.
– The electric heater is ideal for small rooms and rooms with unique layouts.
– Electric heating mats can be installed quickly; many preparatory steps are DIY-friendly, but the electrical connection must be completed by an electrician.
– Hot-water systems should be installed by professionals who can lay the pipes and connect them properly to the boiler or heat source.
Alternative heating – infrared heating
Infrared heating is another alternative to consider. Its principle is simple: infrared radiation warms surfaces and objects, such as walls, floors, ceilings, and people, rather than primarily heating the air. This can create a comfortable balance in which the floor area feels warmer than the ceiling. Installation is similar to electric floor heating, but the mats are often thinner and easier to place. Consider the following advantages and disadvantages:
Benefits of infrared heating:
+ Can reduce energy use and heating costs in suitable rooms.
+ Unlike conventional radiators, it does not rely on strong air circulation, which may be helpful for people with allergies.
+ Floors, walls, and ceilings can feel evenly warmed.
+ Infrared panels are relatively slim compared with many traditional heating systems and fireplaces.
+ The system takes up little space.
– Infrared heating uses electricity while operating. Although it can cost less to install than conventional electric underfloor heating, running costs may still be higher than gas heating.
Advantages and disadvantages of underfloor heating
+ Saves wall space because radiators are not needed
+ Provides even warmth throughout the room
+ Works especially well with traditionally cold materials such as stone or tile
+ Suitable for both new buildings and renovation projects
+ Can be installed in selected areas only
– May increase electricity costs, depending on the system
– Requires careful preparation and, in older buildings, more extensive renovation
– Heats the room slowly
– Some systems cannot fully replace conventional heating
– Repairs can be difficult after the floor covering is installed
– Room layouts and fixed furniture can limit flexibility
Underfloor Heating Costs and Possible Savings
Whatever model you decide on, you will want to get a cost estimate first. It depends on the following:
– Type of building being heated. New buildings offer some flexibility and standard products can be installed. In older buildings, costs may rise because specialized heating mats or additional preparation may be required.
– Insulation. A poorly insulated room loses heat quickly, so the cost of good insulation should be included in the total.
– Floor area and the final floor covering. Tiles conduct heat efficiently, while many wood floors insulate more. If you still want a wood floor, choose one approved for underfloor heating.
As a general guide, electric underfloor heating can cost roughly 40 to 100 euros per square meter, depending on the product and installation conditions. Prices vary widely, so it is wise to obtain several quotes. Materials and installation for hot-water underfloor heating often cost more, starting at around 50 euros per square meter, and the final price depends on the building requirements. Always seek professional advice before installation.
Flooring plays an important role: heat-conductive finishes such as tile or stone can reduce running costs by about 10 percent. Regular maintenance according to the manufacturer’s instructions is also important, since early detection of problems can prevent expensive repairs.
Heating Mat Schematic
Underfloor Heating in an Older Building Renovation
Underfloor heating installation
Proper planning is essential for efficient heating
Planning for the kitchen: electric underfloor heating
Heating plan detail
Floor heating is perfect for the bathroom
Hot-water underfloor heating system: assembly
Insulation and flooring for a hot-water system
Hot water heating diagram
Radiant floor heat: stone tiles in a wood-look design
Laid with tiles and heated with underfloor heating 
Conservatory with tiled and heated floor 
Heating for the bathroom 
Flooring that is not well suited for underfloor heating 
Anna Lohan
miranda_shida
Taus Kishiev
